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Social Protection Index (SPI), created by Asian Development Bank (ADB), is aimed to assess adequacy of social protection programs which are realized in the countries of Asia and Pacific regions.
Social protection programs refer, by definition of ADB, to the "set of policies and programs designed to reduce poverty and vulnerability by promoting efficient labor markets, diminishing people’s exposure to risks, and enhancing their capacity to protect themselves against hazards and interruption/loss of income".
Social Protection Index is a comprehensive quantitative measure of social protection system in the region, which takes into consideration such dimensions of social protection programs as program expenditures, coverage, distribution and impact. It provides policy makers with relevant information on social protection by facilitating cross-country comparisons and  effectiveness assessment of programs so that it can be utilized as a benchmark to improve social protection in the country.

Source: Social Protection Index, 2013

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